The manufacturing process of sodium chloride involves several steps. Initially, a natural source of sodium chloride is dissolved in water, creating an aqueous sodium chloride solution. This solution is then subjected to evaporation to remove water and crystallize the sodium chloride. The evaporation process is typically carried out using multiple-effect or vapour recompression evaporators.

To begin, the natural source of sodium chloride, which can include mined salt or saltwater, is mixed with water to form a solution. This solution contains sodium chloride along with other impurities. The solution is then heated and undergoes evaporation, where the water content is gradually reduced.

In the evaporation step, advanced techniques such as multiple-effect evaporators or vapour recompression evaporators are employed. Multiple-effect evaporators utilize the heat generated during the evaporation process to heat subsequent stages, resulting in improved energy efficiency. Vapour recompression evaporators compress the evaporated vapour, raising its temperature and pressure, and then recycle it back to the evaporator, reducing the need for external steam.

As water is evaporated, the concentration of sodium chloride in the solution increases, eventually reaching a point where the sodium chloride begins to crystallize. The crystals are then separated from the remaining liquid, dried, and processed into the desired form, such as fine granules or large crystals, depending on the intended application.

Overall, the manufacturing process of sodium chloride involves dissolving a natural source in water, evaporating the solution to obtain sodium chloride crystals, and subsequent purification and processing steps to produce the final product.